R_basic commands

✅ Vector and List and date

• Vector: type of data
  • logical(boolean)
  • integer
  • double
  • character

x <- c(1, 3, 5)
names(x) <- c("a", "b", "c")
x
x[2] #3
x["b"] #3

• List: list(x, y, z)

• Date: ymd("2023-01-20")

ymd_hms("2021-01-20 20:11:59")
# [1] "2021-01-20 20:11:59 UTC"

✅ Frame, Matrices

• Frame, data.frame

data.frame(x = c(1, 2, 3) , y = c(1.5, 5.5, 7.5))

#result
#   x   y
# 1 1 1.5
# 2 2 5.5
# 3 3 7.5

• Matrices

matrix(c(3:8), nrow = 2)

#      [,1] [,2] [,3]
# [1,]    3    5    7
# [2,]    4    6    8

✅ Pipe

• A tool in R for expressing a sequence of multiple operations, represented with %>%

✅ Packages of tidyverse

• ggplot2: visualize
• tidyr: clean data
• readr: read data
• dplyr: data manipulation

📌 view of table

• View
• head: preview 6
• glimpse
• as_tibble(tablename)
• str: get structure
• colnames: get column names

✅ here, skimr, Packages

• here: bring file
• skimr: summarize data
• janitor: clean data

📌 fumctions in R

• arrange: penguins %>% arrange(-bill_length_mm)
• group by: penguins %>% group_by(island)
• drop_na()
• summarize:
• filter: penguins %>% filter(island == "Torgersen")

> penguins %>% group_by(island) %>% drop_na() %>% summarize(mean_bill_length_mm= mean(bill_length_mm))

• mutate

> example_df <- bookings_df %>%
+ mutate(number_canceled = sum(is_canceled))
> head(example_df)

✅ check for bias

• Simdesign package
• bias(check1, check2)
• 👍🏻 close to 0

📌